In fact, heme-cultured parasites secreted more succinate (the end product of the so-called succinic fermentation) followed by glucose intake. Here, heme-cultured epimastigotes increased D-glucose consumption. Heme acts as a physiological oxidant that triggers intense epimastigote proliferation and upregulates the expression of genes related to glycolysis and aerobic fermentation in vitro. cruzi has been extensively studied however, changes in its metabolism in response to signaling molecules present in the vector are poorly understood. cruzi epimastigotes reside in the insect vector and coexist with the blood components of the vertebrate host. This parasite alternates between an insect vector and a mammalian host. Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi.
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